{"id":569,"date":"2022-02-03T15:23:56","date_gmt":"2022-02-03T14:23:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ozopos.sk\/?p=569"},"modified":"2022-02-08T17:47:50","modified_gmt":"2022-02-08T16:47:50","slug":"po-lopate-spotrebitelska-zmluva-a-zakaz-pouzitia-neprijatelnych-podmienok-v-nej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/?p=569","title":{"rendered":"Po lopate – spotrebite\u013esk\u00e1 zmluva a z\u00e1kaz pou\u017eitia neprijate\u013en\u00fdch podmienok v nej"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\r\n Po lopate<\/span>\r\n \r\n Spotrebite\u013esk\u00e1 zmluva\nz\u00e1kaz pou\u017eitia neprijate\u013en\u00fdch podmienok<\/span>\r\n \r\n <\/h3>\r\n \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Po lopate – Spotrebite\u013esk\u00e1 zmluva – z\u00e1kaz pou\u017eitia neprijate\u013en\u00fdch podmienok<\/strong><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Pre spotrebite\u013esk\u00fa zmluvu je charakteristick\u00e9, \u017ee spotrebite\u013e vstupuje do zmluvn\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu s dod\u00e1vate\u013eom, ktor\u00fdm je naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pred\u00e1vaj\u00faci, za zmluvn\u00fdch podmienok, ktor\u00e9 si vopred ur\u010dil dod\u00e1vate\u013e, pri\u010dom spotrebite\u013e nem\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 tieto podmienky individu\u00e1lne ovplyvni\u0165. Ob\u010diansky z\u00e1konn\u00edk podrobnej\u0161ie \u0161pecifikuje v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 pre dojednanie podmienok v spotrebite\u013esk\u00fdch zml\u00fav a v\u00fdslovne ustanovuje, \u017ee tak\u00e9to ustanovenia v zmluv\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa nerovnov\u00e1hu v pr\u00e1vach a povinnostiach v neprospech spotrebite\u013ea s\u00fa neprijate\u013en\u00e9 a preto neplatn\u00e9. Vych\u00e1dza sa z toho, \u017ee predov\u0161etk\u00fdm spotrebite\u013e v dobrej viere uzatv\u00e1ra zmluvu s dod\u00e1vate\u013eom, od ktor\u00e9ho sa o\u010dak\u00e1va, \u017ee vzh\u013eadom na jeho podnikanie a pon\u00fakan\u00fd tovar a slu\u017eby kon\u00e1 profesion\u00e1lne a v s\u00falade s poctiv\u00fdm pr\u00edstupom k podnikaniu. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee dod\u00e1vate\u013e m\u00e1 vedomosti a sk\u00fasenosti a oproti spotrebite\u013eovi vystupuje ako zv\u00fdhodnen\u00fd \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk zmluvn\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho spotrebite\u013eskou zmluvou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ustanovenie\u00a0\u00a7 53 Ob\u010dianskeho z\u00e1konn\u00edka<\/strong>\u00a0sa t\u00fdka iba podmienok, ktor\u00e9 z\u00e1kon ozna\u010duje za neprijate\u013en\u00e9. Ide o podmienky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa ne\u010destn\u00e9, neslu\u0161n\u00e9, hrubo po\u0161kodzuj\u00face spotrebite\u013ea a preto ich pou\u017eitie z\u00e1kon sankcionuje absol\u00fatnou neplatnos\u0165ou. Vyjadruje snahu, aby dod\u00e1vate\u013e v spotrebite\u013esk\u00fdch zmluv\u00e1ch pristupoval k tvorbe podmienok v s\u00falade s dobr\u00fdmi mravmi. Je potrebn\u00e9 doda\u0165, \u017ee spotrebite\u013e z povahy veci v s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch podmienkach \u0161tandardiz\u00e1cie produktov be\u017enej spotreby, ako aj zmluvn\u00fdch podmienok, m\u00e1 iba fikt\u00edvnu mo\u017enos\u0165 ovplyvni\u0165 podstatu zmluvn\u00fdch zml\u00fav a v\u00fdslovne ustanovuje, \u017ee tak\u00e9to ustanovenia v zmluv\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa nerovnov\u00e1hu v pr\u00e1vach a povinnostiach v neprospech spotrebite\u013ea s\u00fa neprijate\u013en\u00e9 a preto neplatn\u00e9. Vych\u00e1dza sa z toho, \u017ee predov\u0161etk\u00fdm spotrebite\u013e v dobrej viere uzatv\u00e1ra zmluvu s dod\u00e1vate\u013eom, od ktor\u00e9ho sa o\u010dak\u00e1va, \u017ee vzh\u013eadom na jeho podnikanie a pon\u00fakan\u00fd tovar a slu\u017eby kon\u00e1 profesion\u00e1lne a v s\u00falade s poctiv\u00fdm pr\u00edstupom k podnikaniu. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee dod\u00e1vate\u013e m\u00e1 vedomosti a sk\u00fasenosti a oproti spotrebite\u013eovi vystupuje ako zv\u00fdhodnen\u00fd \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk zmluvn\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho spotrebite\u013eskou zmluvou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Poukazujeme aj na skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee Slovensk\u00e1 republika ako \u010dlen Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie je povinn\u00e1 plni\u0165 z\u00e1v\u00e4zky vypl\u00fdvaj\u00face z tohto \u010dlenstva. \u010clensk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty \u00danie s\u00fa povinn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby nekal\u00e9 podmienky pou\u017eit\u00e9 v zmluv\u00e1ch uzatvoren\u00fdch so spotrebite\u013eom zo strany predajcu alebo dod\u00e1vate\u013ea pod\u013ea ich vn\u00fatro\u0161t\u00e1tneho pr\u00e1va, neboli z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e9 pre spotrebite\u013ea a aby zmluva bola pod\u013ea t\u00fdchto podmienok na\u010falej z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e1 pre strany, ak je jej \u010fal\u0161ia existencia mo\u017en\u00e1 bez nekal\u00fdch podmienok (\u010dl. 6 Smernice Rady 93\/13\/EHS z 5. apr\u00edla 1993 o nekal\u00fdch podmienkach v spotrebite\u013esk\u00fdch zmluv\u00e1ch, \u010falej len \u201esmernica“).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm je\u00a0rozsudok S\u00fadneho dvora Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie vo veci Oc\u00e9ano Grupo Editorial SA a Roc\u00edo Murciano Quintero (C-240\/98) a medzi Salvat Editores SA a Jos\u00e9 M. S\u00e1nchez Alc\u00f3n Prades a spol., spojen\u00e9 pr\u00edpady C-240\/98 a C-244\/98<\/strong>, z ktor\u00e9ho je zrejm\u00e1 aj obligat\u00f3rnos\u0165 z\u00e1sahu s\u00fadu proti nekalej podmienke: ,,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Cie\u013e \u010cl\u00e1nku 6 Smernice, ktor\u00fd od \u010dlensk\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov vy\u017eaduje stanovi\u0165, \u017ee ne\u010destn\u00e9 podmienky nie s\u00fa pre spotrebite\u013ea zav\u00e4zuj\u00face, by sa nedosiahol, keby bol spotrebite\u013e s\u00e1m povinn\u00fd vyst\u00fapi\u0165 proti ne\u010destnej povahe tak\u00fdch podmienok. V sporoch, kde zahrnut\u00e9 sumy s\u00fa \u010dasto obmedzen\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 poplatky vy\u0161\u0161ie ne\u017e vlo\u017een\u00e1 \u010diastka, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee spotrebite\u013ea odradi\u0165, aby napadol pou\u017eitie ne\u010destnej podmienky. V po\u010dte \u010dlensk\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov procedur\u00e1lne predpisy umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa jednotlivcom br\u00e1ni\u0165 sa v tak\u00fdch konaniach a je re\u00e1lne riziko, \u017ee spotrebite\u013e kv\u00f4li neznalosti pr\u00e1va nespochybn\u00ed podmienku prednesen\u00fa proti nemu. Z toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 ochrana spotrebite\u013ea sa m\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165, len ak n\u00e1rodn\u00fd s\u00fad prehl\u00e1si, \u017ee m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vomoc zhodnoti\u0165 podmienky tohto druhu na svoj vlastn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh“.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po lopate Spotrebite\u013esk\u00e1 zmluva z\u00e1kaz pou\u017eitia neprijate\u013en\u00fdch podmienok Po lopate – Spotrebite\u013esk\u00e1 zmluva – z\u00e1kaz pou\u017eitia neprijate\u013en\u00fdch podmienok Pre spotrebite\u013esk\u00fa zmluvu je charakteristick\u00e9, \u017ee spotrebite\u013e vstupuje do zmluvn\u00e9ho vz\u0165ahu s dod\u00e1vate\u013eom, ktor\u00fdm je naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pred\u00e1vaj\u00faci, za zmluvn\u00fdch podmienok, ktor\u00e9 si vopred ur\u010dil dod\u00e1vate\u013e, pri\u010dom spotrebite\u013e nem\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 tieto podmienky individu\u00e1lne ovplyvni\u0165. Ob\u010diansky z\u00e1konn\u00edk podrobnej\u0161ie \u0161pecifikuje…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":700,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezaradene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=569"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/569\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":837,"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/569\/revisions\/837"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozopos.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}